Court of Appeal gives restrictive interpretation of ‘first excepted case’ under s216 (Churchill -v- First Independent Factors)        

insolvency - sunrise

 

The Court of Appeal has just delivered a ruling that will affect the advice to be given to directors of insolvent companies who set up new companies to acquire the business and assets.  Frequently the newco will be given a name that is prohibited under s216 Insolvency Act 1986 by reason of its similarity to the name of the old company.

 

In many cases the director sets up newco.  Newco buys the business and assets from the insolvency practitioner.  Newco changes name, and then gives notice under rule 4.228 of the Insolvency Rules, usually naming the director as being a director.

 

We have recently advised in a case where the effectiveness of a rule 4.228 notice to protect the individual was challenged, on the grounds that the individual was already a director of the newco before the notice was given.  The Court of Appeal has now ruled in a similar case, Churchill & Churchill -v- First Independent Factors & Finance Limited [2006] EWCA CIV 1623 (30 November 2006).

 

Rule 4.229 contains the provision that the notice given to creditors of the insolvent company “may name a person to whom s216 may apply as having been a director … of the insolvent company …, with a view to his being a director of the successor company or being otherwise associated with its management”. 

 

The Court of Appeal has ruled that the words “with a view to” are prospective, ie forward looking.  The purpose of rule 4.228 is to alert creditors of the insolvent company to the fact that a person who was involved in managing that company is also to be involved in managing the successor company.  The court therefore held that to ensure that that purpose is achieved, notice must be given before that person becomes involved in managing the successor company.

 

Eric and Peter Churchill were already directors of the newco when it acquired the business of the insolvent company from the liquidator.  Accordingly, the court ruled that the notice given under rule 4.228 did not protect them from personal liabilty under s217 Insolvency Act 1986.

 

This is an important decision that will affect the advice to be given by those advising directors of an insolvent business who buy the business from an insolvency practitioner.  At the very least those directors should be advised to take separate legal advice.  That legal advice may be to apply to court for permission under s216(3) to be a director of the newco.  Otherwise, of course, this difficulty could be avoided if newco does not adopt, or carry on business under, a prohibited name.

 

09/01/07 -  STOP PRESS: We are informed by reliable sources close to government that urgent amendments are to be introduced to amend the wording of IR 4.228 in view of the Churchill decision.  These amendments, it is hoped, will take effect in April 2007 and will apply to proceedings commencing after they take effect.

 

26/04/07 - STOP PRESS 2: We are aware that a draft statutory instrument has now been circulated to give effect to the necessary changes to Insolvency Rule 4.228. Watch this space for more details.

 

28/06/07 - STOP PRESS 3: The published date for introduction of the new Insolvency Rule 4.228 is 6 August 2007. The change will not operate retrospectively and notice will still be required before a director acts in any way which may be prohibited under s.216 Insolvency Act 1986. We shall issue an updated news entry concerning the change at that time.

 

For further information, please contact Mike Pavitt, or another member of Blake Lapthorn's Insolvency & Business Recovery team.